馃摌 Secci贸n 4: Uso del ingl茅s
1️⃣ Cloze test (fill in the blanks)
馃憠 Un p谩rrafo con espacios en blanco para completar con la palabra correcta: tiempo verbal, preposici贸n, conector, etc.
馃攽 Estrategia:
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Lee TODO el texto primero (no palabra por palabra).
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Analiza la l贸gica: ¿es presente, pasado, futuro? ¿afirmativo o negativo?
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Revisa collocations (ej: make a decision, nunca do a decision).
馃摑 Ejemplo:
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If I ______ (be) you, I ______ (study) harder.
馃憠 Answer: were / would study
2️⃣ Tag questions (coletillas)
馃憠 Se ponen al final de una frase para confirmar o preguntar algo.
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Si la oraci贸n es positiva → tag negativa.
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Si la oraci贸n es negativa → tag positiva.
馃摑 Ejemplos:
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She is a teacher, isn’t she?
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You don’t like coffee, do you?
⚠️ Con I am → aren’t I?
馃憠 I am late, aren’t I?
3️⃣ Preposiciones comunes
Muy frecuentes en ejercicios de opci贸n m煤ltiple.
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Tiempo:
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at → horas (at 7 pm)
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on → d铆as (on Monday)
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in → meses/a帽os (in July, in 2020)
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Lugar:
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in (dentro) → in the room
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on (sobre) → on the table
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at (punto espec铆fico) → at the bus stop
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Duraci贸n:
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for (duraci贸n) → for 3 years
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since (inicio) → since 2018
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馃摑 Ejemplo:
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She has lived here ____ 2010.
馃憠 since
4️⃣ Adjetivos terminados en -ed / -ing
馃憠 Diferencia entre c贸mo se siente la persona (ed) y lo que causa el sentimiento (ing).
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I am bored. (yo me siento aburrido)
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The movie is boring. (la pel铆cula causa aburrimiento)
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She is interested in art.
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The class is interesting.
5️⃣ Cuantificadores (quantifiers)
Se usan seg煤n el tipo de sustantivo (contable o incontable).
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Some / Any
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afirmativo: I have some money.
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negativo/pregunta: Do you have any money?
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Much / Many
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much = incontable → I don’t have much time.
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many = contable → There are many books here.
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A few / A little
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a few = contable → I have a few friends.
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a little = incontable → There is a little water left.
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6️⃣ Conectores (linking words)
馃憠 Son claves para unir ideas en textos y ex谩menes.
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Causa: because, due to, since.
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Resultado: so, therefore, as a result.
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Contraste: although, however, on the other hand.
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Adici贸n: and, also, moreover, in addition.
馃摑 Ejemplo:
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She was tired, so she went to bed.
7️⃣ Error correction
馃憠 Te dan una frase con error y debes corregirla.
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Incorrect: She don’t likes pizza.
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Correct: She doesn’t like pizza.
⚠️ Estrategia:
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Revisa el verbo (tiempo, sujeto, auxiliar).
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Revisa plurales/singular.
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Revisa preposiciones y collocations.
8️⃣ Palabras confusas (confusing words)
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say / tell
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say → sin objeto → She said hello.
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tell → con objeto → She told me a secret.
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look / see / watch
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look = dirigir la vista → Look at that bird.
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see = percibir con la vista → I can see the mountains.
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watch = observar algo en movimiento → I watch TV.
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fun / funny
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fun = divertido (sustantivo/adjetivo) → The party was fun.
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funny = gracioso → The joke is funny.
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✅ Consejos pr谩cticos para esta secci贸n
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Identifica la l贸gica de la frase antes de elegir la palabra.
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Piensa en collocations y phrasal verbs, son trampas comunes.
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Subraya conectores → muchas preguntas son sobre cohesi贸n del texto.
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Practica con cloze tests → ayudan a unir gram谩tica y vocabulario.
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Lee en voz baja la oraci贸n completa con cada opci贸n → la correcta “suena natural”.